Colorism in African American Women Research Paper

Colorism in African American Women - Research Paper Example Indeed, colorism is an issue that should be extremely discouraged within various people. This essay explores deeply and widely on colorism, specifically colorism with respect to African American women, drawing references from various movies including the film question of color and other relevant sources. The film, ‘A question of color unearths almost everything about color discrimination among African American women. Discrimination by color is not an issue that began just recently. A general study of American history reveals that discrimination against color has lived and thrived ever since African immigrants invaded America either by the slave trade or any other means and the movie depicts just that. The film, a question of color, actually more of a documentary, begins with a sequence in which a group of black men and women of different complexions. From high yellow and blue-black to chocolate, right from the start this movie depicts color consciousness among the black people. Somebody could be forgiven to think that is a course for color equity among the people, that all citizens belonging to various racial origins are entitled to equal opportunities. As the film progresses, prevalence is seen to be made to the people whose looks come closest to European standards of attractiveness and tend to fare much better than the people who look more African or black to be precise. The film also explores the tensions generated by colorism, is actually an internalized expression of white racism, leaving everyone else feeling terribly insecure. The dark skinned women are prompted to feel less desirable mates and also tend not to do so well financially, or economically in general (Felder 284). The economic issue brings a whole new issue regarding colorism with the African American women. The only reason that can effectively explain why the African American women are not financially endowed like their white counterparts is because they may not be as better educated as the white to secure jobs, even then, the education background of these women is only questionable because perhaps they did not get enough equal opportunities to access quality education. Conclusions can be conclusively drawn that the dark skinned women do not get enough employment opportunities as the white skinned are entitled to. The film states that the only moment in the history of America when the white-oriented consciousness among the dark skinned seemed to be falling apart was in 1962, when the black conscious movement made many people adopt the afro hair style. With their slogan, black is beautiful, they achieved considerable success even though it lasted for a short period. Either way, the afro hair style success was not received well by some the white skinned women as is evidenced when a Ms. Sandler, a news anchor, almost risks losing her job just for wearing the afro hair style introduced by the black conscious movement to work (Sinclair 654). Besides the instances cover ed in the plot of this family, there are many other occasions in which colorism in Africa American women is depicted. According to actor and singer Tyrese, colorism in dark skinned people is evident in the entertainment industry. Music videos are also an integral part of the visual arts subject. Unfortunately, the music video industry has also borrowed the color discrimination issue. This is clearly seen by the

Swire Pacific Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Swire Pacific - Case Study Example Through its development it has nearly 4000 permanently employed staff and over 9000 cockpit and cabin crew, which enables the company offer unrivalled services, with this numbers its one of the highest employer in Honk Kong's economy. Cathy pacific services limited won the bid in the first quarter of 2008 to set up a new cargo handling facility at the Hong Kong International Airport in the which would be built at a cost of HK$4.8 billion, with this it would be able to handle the largest air cargo in world within the year 2011 upon its completion (Steger, 2003). The airline has partnered with other major global airlines in the oneworld global alliance, which serves in 150 countries with more than 700 destinations. It also has interest in airline catering services with one of the largest flight kitchens in the world, with wholly owned subsidiaries servicing other international carriers across Hong Kong. With Swire owning 40% of Cathy Pacific Airways it has interest in aviation engineering through Hong Kong Engineering Company Limited after a merger was sealed between the companies. Being listed on the Hong Kong stock market, it has 4,600 employees in Hong Kong. It is the largest maintenance service provider in Hong Kong International Airport and in Asia's aeronautical maintenance industry. With the construction of the third and fourth maintenance hangar it provides Hong Kong extra employment and income generating opportunities. With 2000 employees in its ground services company in Hong Kong, as well as its Vogue Laundry Unit serving over 20 airlines, it has an edge over Hong Kong's economic prospects on its hospitality industry than any other aviation company around (Murray, 2006). Beverages With Swire Pacific being an anchor bottler with coca-cola, it is the main distributor and product developer for coca-cola brands in Hong Kong and mainland China, under the brand name Swire coca-cola Hong Kong Limited where Pacific owns 87.5% in shareholding. This clearly makes Swire Pacific the highest employer in Hong Kong beverage industry through its high operations base and more than 15 distribution and sales centers to serve a market base of more than 47million in Hong Kong and 400nillion around the globe. Apart from the coca-cola products it also produces mineral water and ready to drink milk tea either with Nescaf'e or Nestl ingredients (Steger, 2003). Hospitality Swire also has interests in the hospitality industry through the completion of its boutique hotels in Hong Kong by its wholly owned subsidiary Swire Hotels, which would be luxurious hotels offering lifestyle to travellers in search of personalized and individual services. This would make Hong Kong one of the major tourist and business travel destinations in the larger Asia. With promotion of the tourism industry it would earn Hong Kong the much needed foreign cash flow and high employment opportunities in its economy (Bastardas-Boada, 2002). Economic Assessment of Asia-Pacific Tourism sector in this

Runic Alphabets in Scandinavia Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Runic Alphabets in Scandinavia - Essay Example Sadly, the meanings of these symbols and their purpose are now lost. Like runes, they were believed to be used for divination and they may have strongly influenced the magical function of later runic alphabets (Smith 1996). Historians and anthropologists are uncertain about the early uses of runes. They may have been used as actual characters for writing. However, the name rune suggests that they were also used as mystical signs or symbols which possess powerful magic. Early Germanic literature bear testimony to the magical character of runes. The Edda, a series of poems, and folk songs to these modern days attest to the influence that runes have on humanity. In fact, the supernatural powers of runes are said to have not only influence, but can overcome natural and physical laws. Runes can summon rain or violent thunderstorms. They can break chains and shackles, or bind men into them. They can heal illness or cause someone to suffer disease. They could raise the dead from their graves. Warriors can become invincible with the help of runes, and cause his weapon to inflict mortal wounds to the enemy. Runes can make men mad, as they can also protect men from the deceitful designs of others. Runes are generally considered as of divine origin, since Odin himself, as related in the Edda, had to sacrifice his person in order to learn the secrets of the runes. Odin was also the foremost runemaster, according to Germanic literature, and was known to have used the stones to exercise personal revenge. Simultaneous with the magical use of runes, there is also evidence that they were used as a means of communication. These messages may have been popular or used in secret. Saga of Egill Skallagrmsson, his daughter Thorger apparently carved the Sunatorrek -- a beautiful poem on a runic staff or runakefli -- where Egill laments the death of his son. Stone monuments are also lasting evidence of the roles played by runes in olden times. These are more common in England and Scandinavia. Some of these monuments simply bear the name of a fallen warrior. Others relate his life and exploits. Since these runic inscriptions were often found in England and Scandinavia, it could be inferred that the use of runes for such purpose may be a later development (Ward & Waller, ed.). II. Discussion A. General Development and Transformation of Runes Runes are also known as Futharks, named for the first six letters in their alphabet, namely, F, U, Th, A, R, and K. The Elder Futhark has 24 letters, the Younger Futhark has 16 letters. Futhark was brought into England by the Anglo-Saxons and transformed into the 33-letter Futhorc, which accommodated the phonetic changes which occurred in Old English (AncientScripts.com). The runes of Scandinavia can be classified into three periods. They are also not related to the Futhorc of the Anglo-Saxon. The first period dates from around 175 A.D. to the 8th century. However, some evidence show that the period may have started much earlier, as far back as 50 A.D. This period is referred to as the Primitive Norse, and Christianity had not yet reached that far north. The language was called Primitive Old Norse for the Nordic Inscriptions and were in Germanic or Gothic languages in lands farther south. The language of this

Vocational Rehabilitation for People with Mental Illness in the UK Essay

Vocational Rehabilitation for People with Mental Illness in the UK - Essay Example 2002, 172-177). Since the downfall of the act, there has been a speedy augment in the formation of for-profit health and mental health care organisations in the United Kingdom. This research discusses the managed care proposal sweeping the nation and their thoughtful belongings on the way social workers transport services to people with severe mental illness (Bachrach, L. 2003, 465-468). No doubt, Individuals with disabilities ought to expect employee benefits comparable to those predictable by all employees. The lack of ease of use of employee benefits, especially health insurance, can be prevention for individuals bearing in mind employment. The advantage package available to employees is a significant subject in employee approval for all employees counting those with disabilities (Bedall, J. R. 2004, pp. 95-119). If we analyse then we come to know that vacation, sick leave, health insurance, and retirement benefits are careful a significant feature of job satisfaction and sight as very significant by employees. In addition, research investigating quality employment result for individuals with disabilities have used employee reimbursement as an indicator of valued employment. For the majority UK workers, health insurance is the key employee benefit. As two-thirds of London's are employed in jobs with health insurance, workers at the inferior end of the salary scale are greatly additional likely to have jobs with no health insurance. For instance, workers earning less than $35,000 yearly are four times as probable to be uninsured than those earning over $35,000 (Bernstein, C. 2004). Evolution of Managed Care Many experts described the development of managed care as include five distinct phases: (1) carrying out consumption reviews and confine access, (2) managing advantage use, (3) supervision care with a most important importance on cost control, (4) running outcomes, and (5) put together managed care systems parallel and upright. For social workers the language linked with this example shift has been new and rather foreign. "Medical necessity," "degree of difference benefit packages," "penetration rates," "capitation contracts," "cost offsets," "slice outs," "cost bands," and "report cards" are but a only some of the terms in the new dictionary. Though managed care is the existing buzzword in the human services, frequent health care organisations, supported by provisions of the Health Maintenance Organisation Act of 1973, have been experimentation with this move toward for many years. Managed mental health care is a comparatively further recent occurrence and has outspread in an assortment of forms since the early 1980s (Bickman, 2005). States and Managed Care Numerous states have not waited for federal improvement since cost repression is a pressing requirement for them. Medicaid now constitutes 20 percent of the majority states' budgets, a better amount than senior education; so, states are turning to managed care to control this rising budget component. At least 35 states previously have a few form of capitated payment system for

PM questions Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

PM questions - Assignment Example It is also important that the company continually provides training in the latest innovations and ideas for their employees, so that they have the best tools necessary to improve their, and the companies, overall performance. The company can then periodically rate the performance of its employees to provide feedback. Positive feedback and good performance should be rewarded and encouraged. If there is negative feedback it is important to then uncover areas that are in need of improvement. Due to the fact that performance management allows employees to fill a sense of ownership in their work and goals, it generally greatly increases the productivity of the organization. The fact that the employees are receiving continual training, and rewards for their improved performance also improves the employee’s overall sense of worth and well being. This provides a win- win situation company wide (Daniels 1-10). 2. There are two groups of people involved in business behavior, the leaders and the followers. The behavior of one of the two groups can either positively or negatively affect the behavior of the other. So what exactly is business behavior and are their any laws to govern what is acceptable and what is not? Despite what you might see marketed in various books and journal articles today as the, 100 unbreakable business laws, there are actually not a set group of laws that governs business. This is due to the fact that every business and company interaction is as different as the people that compose them. There are, however, guidelines for how business should be conducted. One of the guidelines is to not reward bad behavior. This is for both managers and employees. As Dr. Edwards noted, â€Å"well over 90% of the problems of quality are due not to frontline employees, but to management†. The rule of, â€Å"I don’t care how it gets done just get it done,† no longer applies. Ethics and moral responsibility in the process of achieving your goals sets a higher sense of morale and trust among the organization. As a result performance is actually improved. Behavior is the key to quality because you do not lead people in business you lead their behavior (Daniels 48 – 50 + 94). 3. Pinpointing is the act of trying to find the exact spot or issue that could be changed to improve overall effectiveness. Having the ability to accurately pinpoint is essential to performance management because allows the manager and employee to go to the source of the problem and uncover methods for irradiating it. Pinpointing should not be viewed or approached as a negative, but as a positive means for growth and development. Managers not only have the right but the responsibility to overview the work f their department and pinpoint areas that can be improved. It is not the sole responsibility of the managers to pinpoint, however, effective managers will train the employees to pinpoint problems as well. Since employees deal with the more day to day operations of the company if they are able to pinpoint and do away with problems early on, it helps to elevate a later possibly larger issue from occurring. This helps to improve overall managing performance because the more areas of concern that are pinpointed and eradicated the smother the department and company as a whole will run (Daniels 99-101). 4. Performance feedback is an essential tool in performance management. It should be ongoing between both managers and

Behavioural Problems and Emotional Disturbances in School Students Essay

Behavioural Problems and Emotional Disturbances in School Students - Essay Example Having even one student with psychological and /or behavioural difficulties means that there will be a breakdown in communications with all the ensuing problems that involves. According to Pravda ( 2000) the National Institute of Mental Health declared that they estimate that there are 12 million American school children with mental illness, and that there are approximately 4 % of American school children have either attention deficit disorder ( ADD) or ADHD - Attention Deficient Hyperactivity Disorder. Similar statistics will apply in other western countries. This means that on average there is one or more such child in every class. Kids Matter ( 2010) states that approximately half of all serious mental health condition shave their beginnings before adolescence. A child with a mental health problem can be defined as being someone with behaviour that is disturbing to themselves or to others and which affects their ability to function socially. In document 3 The American National Sur vey of Children and adolescents ( page 3 1997-2010) breaks down difficulties experienced into four groups. Some of these may seem to be purely physical difficulties , but these can present or add to mental health issues if they cause stress to the children concerned. :- (1) Neurological, as when a child is perhaps especially clumsy, ( dyspraxia) or has a mild degree of spasticity which affects his ability do such things as write clearly or who is frequently dropping things. These children find difficulties using both large and small muscles and could exclude themselves from play as it is just too difficult to catch balls etc. Teachers who are aware of their particular difficulties will be sympathetic to their needs and won’t for instance attempt to force them to undertake athletic tasks which are beyond their physical difficulties and will encourage them in what they can do. Simple things can help such as using special pens , or just winding tape round a normal one to give th em something larger to grip can help. Occupational therapists may be able to give positive advice and support. (2) Cognitive, as when a child is operating at an intellectual level below what might be expected for his chronological age. It is necessary to discover whether there is a particular problem which can be helped. Can the child hear and see clearly perhaps? Regular medical checks for all school children should pick up on such conditions. (3) Language, perhaps a refusal to engage with others. This could be due to depression, anxiety or autism among other possible reasons, including physical ones such as tongue tie or deafness. It can prove very difficult to teach children if they cannot engage and communicate. Teachers need to come up with strategies that encourage to participate, rather than just asking questions of whole classes to which only a proportion of children will respond. (4) Behaviour, e.g an inability to concentrate, or temper tantrums, swearing as in Touretteâ₠¬â„¢s Syndrome, or a constant seeking of attention. However individual children may have any combination of these problems, which the survey reveals are much more likely to be obvious in those in contact with social agencies. A child with autism to whatever degree for instance may have difficulties in understanding because of their difficulties in interpreting

About animal extinction Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

About animal extinction - Research Paper Example Presently, most of the species that are endangered such as the Black Rhino and the South China Tiger can blame the humans for their situation (World Wildlife Fund). This is because climate change, which has been affecting most species, was caused by humans. Currently, the planet is at the stage of mass extinction where many species are dying off. According to scientists, the planet is currently losing the largest number of species since the time of the dinosaurs, which is 65 years ago. In addition, between 30 and 50 species might become extinct by mid-century (The Extinction Crisis). When taking the issue of extinction into consideration, the dying-off of one species leads to other species also becoming extinct. This is because of the ecosystem balance, which changes when a certain species is wiped out of the system as species depend on each other for survival. Therefore, extinction of one species leads to another’s extinction. Generally, when a species cannot survive in its original inhabitant and cannot re-locate or adapt in the conditions of a new environment, it dies off. According to statistical data, the average lifespan of a species is approximately 10 million years (The Extinction Crisis). Extinction may occur suddenly e specially when another species that facilitated its existence becomes extinct or gradually over a long period. This can be referred to as the extinction debt where a species becomes extinct a very long time after an event that put its extinction process in motion. Within the previous 500 years, extinction of approximately 1,000 species has been experienced (The Extinction Crisis). However, this this does not account for the many species that have gone extinct even before scientists and researchers got the chance to fully understand and describe them. Specifically, not even the scientists have the exact figure of species that have gone extinct or those that are endangered. As estimation data